Tectonic heritages-Linyi Yimengshan Global Geopark Administration

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Tectonic heritages

Ductile Shear Zones

Ductile Shear Zones

Basement structures are characterised by ductile shear zones of different gradation. Overall orientation is 295-315. Among these, the shear zone in front of Mengshan Mountain is most archetypal. Situated south of the Mengshan Mountain Relief at Xuezhuang, Fei county, this zone extends to the northwest. Outcrop area is 18km long and 1-3km wide. Showing features of multi-period activities, it is primarily a large strike-slip shear zone. Intrusive rock masses from different periods of the Early Precambrian are the major components of this zone. Rocks in strong deformation areas show mylonitic texture with the occurrence of core-mantle structures. Weak deformation areas manifest mylonitic texture.

Faults

Major Faults in the Region

Mengshan Fault is the mainframe structure of this region. It has great importance in the geological history of western Shandong. The fault is more than 100 km in length and orientation is 300-330. It dips to the southwest in generally good continuity. There are composite branches in some places which intersect with the Yi-Shu Fault Zone in the east. It marks the boundary line between Pingyi Depression and Mengshan Mountain Relief. The hanging walls of the fault are Mesozoic and Cainozoic basins formed mainly by clastic rock sedimentation. The footwall is the Mengshan Mountain Relief which is mainly Neoarchean intrusive rock. Breccia and cataclasite occur in the fault zone. Gouge and striation are observable, and there are also traction folds. Mengshan Mountain Fault had strict control over the formation and development of the Mengshan Mountain range and depression basins.

Xintai-Duozhuang Fault

Xintai-Duozhuang Fault is the boundary line between the Mengyin depression and the Menglianggu relief. Overall orientation is 310-330. Dipping to the southwest, it converges with Yi-Shu Fault Zone in the east. The northeastern fault wall is relatively uplifted. Consequently, the basement rock formation was exposed to form the mountain system. The southwestern fault wall is relatively subsided. It formed a fault-depression basin within which the Palaeozoic-Cainozoic sedimentary caprock was distributed. The fault fracture zone is about 10-50m wide.

Xintai-Duozhuang Fault shows characteristics of activities from three periods. The first period displays tenso-shear property; the second period displays compresso-shear property; the third period shows tensile property. Specifically, the third period is the main active period of this fault.

Yishui-Tangtou Fault

Emergence of Yishui-Tangtou Fault can be observed in the area adjacent to Yimengshan Geopark. It is a component part of the Shandong section of the famous Tanlu Fault. Attitude of the fault plane is 285°∠50°. Fault plane is level with large-scale fault striation visible on the surface. The northwestern wall is Lower Cretaceous Dasheng Group purple-red argillaceous sandstone; the southeastern wall is Late Neoarchean Aolaishan adamellite. Rock around the fault is seriously weathered and fractured. A 100m wide fracture zone has occurred.

Yishui-Tangtou Fault forms the Yi-Shu Fault Zone together with Anqiu-Juxian Fault and Changyi-Dadian Fault on its east side and Tangwu-Gegou Fault on its west side. It is a golden belt that showcases the characteristics of Tanlu Fault.

Tanlu Fault is a tectonic inversion deformation belt with variable fault activities in east China. Its main body trends northeastwards and total length exceeds 3,500 km. Major activities took place in the Indosinian Period. It is a derivative product of Yangtze Block's collision with the Sino-Korean Block when it compressed northwards. A series of important endogenetic metal ore deposits occur along the fault zone, thus it is also referred to as an endogenetic metallogenetic belt. Tanlu Fault is also an important earthquake activity (seismogenic) zone.

Unconformable Contact Relationship between Strata

In Daigu Area, contact relationship between Cambrian and Archaean strata is unconformable. The lower part is salmon-pink adamellite from the Late Archaean, and rock above the unconformity is Cambrian lower series clastic rock. Viewed broadly, the unconformity is undulating and uneven. The salmon-pink adamellite at the bottom was formed about 2,500 Ma, while sedimentation of the Cambrian strata above began about 541 Ma. There is a gap of nearly 2,000 Myr in between.

Tectonic Joints

There are 99 Chinese characters "longevity" in different fonts carved on a flat joint surface formed by tectonism. Together with a natural looming "longevity" character, there are 100 "longevity" characters on the rock. The vigorous and elegant "longevity" with 9.9m high in the middle is the calligraphy work of Wang Xizhi. The cliff inscription champions a culture of total wellbeing and longevity. It is a model of combination of geoheritage and Mengshan culture.

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