Paleontological heritages-Linyi Yimengshan Global Geopark Administration

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Paleontological heritages

Third member thick-bedded stromatolitic limestone of the Zhangxia Formation is well-exposed atop Tianqiao Gu in Daigu Geo-region. Total area of the outcrop plane exceeds 1km2. Stromatolite on the plane surface is undulating and uneven. It appears hummocky, drum-shaped or hemispherical. Bulges of laminar algal mats are visible on the section.

Stromatolite is made up of remains of lower algae. It is formed by the growth and sedimentation of blue algae in tidal or very shallow environments. It is characterised by alternate light and dark laminar algal mats. In very shallow waters or at low tide, explosive growth of algae on the surface of sediments often gives rise to bulging laminar algal mats which are darker in colour. When the tide comes in and the water gains depth, algae growth is inhibited and carbonate bands are deposited. Bright-coloured laminar algal mats are formed in such condition. This hemispherical stromatolite reflects an intertidal environment with strengthening hydrodynamic force. Horizontal stromatolite, on the other hand, reflects an intertidal environment with weaker hydrodynamic conditions.

The Mantou Formation shale in Daigu Area contains fossils of trilobites. Trilobites were arthropods of the class Trilobita. They had segmented bodies divided by grooves into three vertical lobes. They first appeared in the Cambrian some 540 Ma, and became extirpated in the Terminal Permian 250 Ma during mass extinction. The Cambrian marked the beginning of the Phaneozoic Eon. It was also the peak of arthropods and trilobites. Resultantly, the Cambrian is also called the Trilobite Age. Trilobite fossils are important evidences for zoning and comparing Cambrian strata. They are also an important type of fossils from the Early Palaeozoic.

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